8. How can mutant genes be kept surrounded by a population when they are selectively destroyed?
Answers: First, not all mutant genes are select against (some promote survival of individuals. A mutated gene is not necessarily deleterious).
Genes, whether mutated or not, are passed on to the next colleagues. Whether autosomal dominant or recessive, mutant genes that produce phenotypes that are "less fit" will be select against. Again, some genetic mutations produce latent disease that affects individuals after they hold had young (e.g. Huntington's) ... also, how long a particular gene remains contained by the gene pool is a statistical unknown for many reason. For example, the environment is not completely static: the number of individuals in a population beside a particular mutant gene (that is currently select against), may in the adjectives hold some sort of survival mechanism (e.g. see homozygous Hgb S produces individuals near sickle cell anemia, but confers selective survival advantage to malaria). I'm sure you can chew over of many other examples.
Importantly, genes, per se, are not selectively destroyed, their phenotypic expression is any selected for or against (based on Natural Selection).
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